Musi wa13 Gunyana, Bazi reIndasitiri neInformation Technology rakazivisa kuti GB/T 20234.1-2023 "Zvishandiso Zvinobatanidza Zvekuchaja Mota dzeMagetsi Chikamu 1: Chinangwa Chakazara" chakakurudzirwa munguva pfupi yapfuura neBazi reIndasitiri neInformation Technology uye pasi peNational Technical Committee for Automotive Standardization. Zvinodiwa" uye GB/T 20234.3-2023 "Zvishandiso Zvinobatanidza Zvekuchaja Mota dzeMagetsi Chikamu 3: DC Charging Interface" zviyero zviviri zvenyika zvakakurudzirwa zvakaburitswa zviri pamutemo.
Kunyange ndichitevera mhinduro dzehunyanzvi dzeDC charging interface dziripo munyika yangu uye ndichivimbisa kuti machaji matsva neekare anoshanda pamwe chete, chiyero chitsva chinowedzera simba rekuchaja kubva pa250 amps kusvika pa800 amps uye simba rekuchaja kusvika800 kw, uye inowedzera kutonhora kuri kushanda, kutarisa tembiricha nezvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita nazvo. Zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi, kugadzirisa uye kuvandudza nzira dzekuyedza dzehunhu hwemakanika, zvishandiso zvinokiya, hupenyu hwebasa, nezvimwewo.
Bazi reIndasitiri neTekinoroji yeRuzivo rakataura kuti mwero wekuchaja ndiwo hwaro hwekuona kuti mota dzemagetsi dzinoshanda pamwe chete nekuchaja kwakachengeteka uye kwakavimbika. Mumakore achangopfuura, sezvo huwandu hwemotokari dzemagetsi dziri kufamba huchiwedzera uye huwandu hwekuchaja hwemabhatiri emagetsi huchiwedzera, vatengi vane kudiwa kwakasimba kwemotokari kuti dzidzorere simba remagetsi nekukurumidza. Tekinoroji itsva, mafomu matsva ebhizinesi, uye zvinodiwa zvitsva zvinomiririrwa ne "high-power DC charging" zvichiri kuenderera mberi. Zvave kubvumirana kukuru muindasitiri kuti kukurumidze kugadziriswa uye kuvandudzwa kwemwero wepakutanga une chekuita nekuchaja interfaces.
Zvichienderana nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yekuchaja mota dzemagetsi uye kudiwa kwekuchaja nekukurumidza, Bazi reIndasitiri neTekinoroji yeRuzivo rakaronga National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee kuti ipedzise kugadziriswa kwemitemo miviri yenyika inokurudzirwa, zvichiita kuti pave nekuvandudzwa kutsva kune yekutanga vhezheni ya2015 yechirongwa chenyika (chinozivikanwa se "2015 +"), izvo zvinobatsira kuwedzera kuvandudza kuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedzeka uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo yekubatanidza kuchaja inofambisa magetsi, uye panguva imwe chete ichisangana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvekuchaja kweDC kwesimba shoma uye kwesimba guru.
Mudanho rinotevera, Bazi reIndasitiri neTekinoroji yeRuzivo richaronga zvikwata zvakakodzera kuti zviite kushambadzira kwakadzama, kusimudzira uye kushandisa zviyero zviviri zvenyika, kukurudzira kusimudzira nekushandisa kwekuchaja kweDC ine simba guru nedzimwe tekinoroji, uye kugadzira nzvimbo yekuvandudza yepamusoro yeindasitiri yemotokari itsva dzemagetsi neindasitiri yenzvimbo dzekuchaja. Nzvimbo yakanaka. Kuchaja zvishoma nezvishoma kwagara kuri chinhu chinorwadza muindasitiri yemotokari dzemagetsi.
Sekureva kwemushumo weSoochow Securities, avhareji yehuwandu hwekuchaja hwemamodeli anotengesa zvinhu zvinopisa anotsigira kuchaja nekukurumidza muna 2021 inenge 1C (C inomiririra huwandu hwekuchaja hwehurongwa hwebhatiri. Mukutaura kwevanhuwo zvavo, kuchaja 1C kunogona kuchaja hurongwa hwebhatiri zvizere mumaminitsi makumi matanhatu), kureva kuti, zvinotora maminetsi angangoita makumi matatu kuchaja kuti SOC isvike 30%-80%, uye hupenyu hwebhatiri hunenge 219km (NEDC standard).
Muchokwadi, mota zhinji dzemagetsi dzisina tsvina dzinoda maminetsi makumi mana kusvika makumi mashanu ekuchaja kuti dzisvike paSOC 30%-80% uye dzinogona kufamba makiromita angangoita 150-200. Kana nguva yekupinda nekubuda panzvimbo yekuchaja (inenge maminetsi gumi) yabatanidzwa, mota yemagetsi isina tsvina inotora awa imwe chete kuti ichaji inogona kungotyaira mumugwagwa mukuru kweinopfuura awa imwe chete.
Kusimudzirwa nekushandiswa kwetekinoroji dzakadai sekuchaja kweDC ine simba guru zvinoda kuvandudzwa kwenetwork yekuchaja mune ramangwana. Bazi reSainzi neTekinoroji rakambozivisa kuti nyika yangu yava nenetwork yekuchaja ine michina yakawanda yekuchaja uye nzvimbo yakakura yekufukidza. Nzvimbo zhinji dzekuchaja dzeveruzhinji dzinonyanya kuve michina yekuchaja yeDC inokurumidza ine simba re120kW kana kupfuura.7kW AC inochaja zvishoma nezvishomaZvave zvakajairika mumakambani akazvimirira. Kushandiswa kweDC fast charging kwave kufarirwa zvikuru mumunda wemotokari dzakasarudzika. Nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeveruzhinji dzine network yecloud platform yekutarisa panguva chaiyo. hunyanzvi, APP pile finding uye online payment zvave zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya, uye matekinoroji matsva akadai sekuchaja zvine simba guru, DC charging ine simba diki, otomatiki charging connection uye ordered charging zviri kuitwa zvishoma nezvishoma.
Mune ramangwana, Bazi reSainzi neTekinoroji richatarisa matekinoroji akakosha nemidziyo yekubatsirana pamwe chete, zvakaita sematekinoroji akakosha ekubatanidza mapombi emota, nzira dzekuronga nzvimbo dzekuchaja uye matekinoroji ekugadzirisa kuchaja, matekinoroji akakosha ekuchaja pasina waya ane simba guru, uye matekinoroji akakosha ekutsiva mabhatiri emagetsi nekukurumidza. Simbisa tsvakurudzo yesainzi netekinoroji.
Pane rimwe divi,kuchaja DC ine simba guruinoisa zvinodiwa zvakanyanya pakushanda kwemabhatiri emagetsi, izvo zvikamu zvikuru zvemotokari dzemagetsi.
Zvichienderana neongororo yeSoochow Securities, kutanga, kuwedzera mwero wekuchaja kwebhatiri kunopesana nepfungwa yekuwedzera huwandu hwesimba, nekuti huwandu hwesimba hunoda zvidimbu zvidiki zvezvinhu zvakanaka nezvakaipa zvebhatiri, uye huwandu hwesimba hunoda zvidimbu zvakakura zvezvinhu zvakanaka nezvakaipa zvema electrode.
Chechipiri, kuchaja zvakanyanya kana bhatiri riine simba guru kuchaita kuti bhatiri riwedzere kukanganiswa ne lithium uye kupisa, zvichikonzera kuchengetedzeka kwebhatiri kuderera.
Pakati pazvo, zvinhu zve electrode yebhatiri ine bhatiri ndiyo inonyanya kudzikamisa kushaja nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti graphite ye electrode ine bhatiri yakagadzirwa nemapepa e graphene, uye ma lithium ions anopinda mupepa nepamipendero. Nokudaro, panguva yekushaja nekukurumidza, electrode ine bhatiri inokurumidza kusvika pamuganho wekukwanisa kwayo kunyudza ma ions, uye ma lithium ions anotanga kuumba solid metal lithium pamusoro pe graphite particles, ndiko kuti, kugadzira Lithium precipitation side reaction. Lithium precipitation inoderedza nzvimbo inoshanda ye electrode ine bhatiri kuti ma lithium ions apinzwe. Kune rumwe rutivi, inoderedza kugona kwebhatiri, inowedzera resistance yemukati, uye inopfupisa hupenyu. Kune rumwe rutivi, makristaro e interface anokura uye anobaya separator, zvichikanganisa kuchengetedzeka.
Purofesa Wu Ningning nevamwe vekuShanghai Handwe Industry Co., Ltd. vakambonyorawo kuti kuti mabhatiri emagetsi akwanise kuchaja nekukurumidza, zvakakosha kuwedzera kumhanya kwemaion e-lithium mubhatiri uye kukurumidzisa kuiswa kwemaion e-lithium muanode. Kuvandudza conductivity ye-ionic ye electrolyte, sarudza chinoparadzanisa fast-charging, kuvandudza conductivity ye-ionic neyemagetsi ye electrode, uye sarudza nzira yakakodzera yekuchaja.
Zvisinei, izvo vatengi vanogona kutarisira ndezvekuti kubvira gore rapfuura, makambani emabhatiri emuno akatanga kugadzira nekuisa mabhatiri anochaja nekukurumidza. Muna Nyamavhuvhu gore rino, CATL inotungamira yakaburitsa bhatiri re4C Shenxing superchargeable zvichibva pane positive lithium iron phosphate system (4C zvinoreva kuti bhatiri rinogona kuchaja zvizere muchikamu chekota yeawa), izvo zvinogona kuwana "maminitsi gumi ekuchaja uye huwandu hwe400 kw" Super fast charger speed. Pasi pekupisa kwakajairika, bhatiri rinogona kuchaja kusvika 80% SOC mumaminitsi gumi. Panguva imwe chete, CATL inoshandisa tekinoroji yekudzora tembiricha yemasero papuratifomu yesystem, iyo inogona kupisa nekukurumidza kusvika padanho repamusoro rekushanda munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera. Kunyangwe munzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera ye -10°C, inogona kuchaja kusvika 80% mumaminitsi makumi matatu, uye kunyangwe munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera, kukurumidza kweZero-zana-zana-zana-speed hakuori mumamiriro emagetsi.
Sekureva kweCATL, mabhatiri eShenxing ane supercharger achagadzirwa akawanda mukati megore rino uye achava ekutanga kushandiswa mumhando dzeAvita.
Bhatiri reCATL re4C Kirin rinochaja nekukurumidza rakagadzirwa nezvinhu zve ternary lithium cathode rakaburitsawo modhi yemagetsi yakachena gore rino, uye munguva pfupi yapfuura rakaburitsa mota yekuvhima ine krypton yepamusoro 001FR.
Kuwedzera kuNingde Times, pakati pemamwe makambani emabhatiri emuno, China New Aviation yakaisa nzira mbiri, sikweya nehombe dzakaita secylindrical, mumunda wekuchaja nekukurumidza kwe800V. Mabhatiri anotsigira kuchaja nekukurumidza kwe4C, uye mabhatiri makuru ecylindrical anotsigira kuchaja nekukurumidza kwe6C. Nezve prismatic bhatiri mhinduro, China Innovation Aviation inopa Xpeng G9 chizvarwa chitsva chemabhatiri esimbi e lithium anochaja nekukurumidza uye mabhatiri epakati-nickel ane voltage yepamusoro akagadzirwa zvichibva papuratifomu ye800V ine voltage yepamusoro, iyo inogona kusvika paSOC kubva pa10% kusvika 80% mumaminitsi makumi maviri.
Honeycomb Energy yakaburitsa Dragon Scale Battery muna 2022. Bhatiri iri rinoenderana nemhinduro dzese dzemakemikari dzakadai se iron-lithium, ternary, uye cobalt-free. Rinofukidza masisitimu ekuchaja nekukurumidza e1.6C-6C uye rinogona kuiswa pamamodeli eA00-D-class series. Modhi iyi inotarisirwa kuiswa mukugadzirwa kwakawanda mukota yechina ya2023.
Yiwei Lithium Energy ichaburitsa sisitimu yebhatiri hombe ine cylindrical π muna 2023. Tekinoroji yekutonhodza yebhatiri iyi "π" inogona kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuchaja nekukurumidza uye kupisa mabhatiri. Mabhatiri ayo makuru ecylindrical ane 46 series anotarisirwa kugadzirwa zvakanyanya uye kuunzwa muchikamu chechitatu chegore ra2023.
Muna Nyamavhuvhu gore rino, Sunwanda Company yakaudzawo vanoisa mari kuti bhatiri re "flash charge" iro rakatangwa nekambani parizvino kumusika weBEV rinogona kugadziriswa kuti rishande mu800V high-voltage uye 400V normal-voltage systems. Zvigadzirwa zvebhatiri re4C rinochaja nekukurumidza zvakawana kugadzirwa kwakawanda mukota yekutanga. Kugadzirwa kwemabhatiri e4C-6C "flash charge" kuri kufambira mberi zvakanaka, uye mamiriro ese ezvinhu anogona kuwana hupenyu hwebhatiri hwe400 kw mumaminitsi gumi.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-17-2023